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Classification of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) |
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Written by G. Firman MD
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Thursday, 26 February 2009 16:03 |
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Category of FUO | Definition | Common etiologies | | Classic | Temperature >38.3°C (100.9°F)
Duration of >3 weeks
Evaluation of at least 3 outpatient visits or 3 days in hospital | Infection, malignancy, collagen vascular disease | | Nosocomial | Temperature >38.3°C
Patient hospitalized >=24 hours but no fever or incubating on admission
Evaluation of at least 3 days | Clostridium difficile enterocolitis, drug-induced, pulmonary embolism, septic thrombophlebitis, sinusitis | | Immune deficient (neutropenic) | Temperature >38.3°C
Neutrophil count <=500 per mm3
Evaluation of at least 3 days | Opportunistic bacterial infections, aspergillosis, candidiasis, herpes virus | | HIV-associated | Temperature >38.3°C
Duration of >4 weeks for outpatients, >3 days for inpatients
HIV infection confirmed | Cytomegalovirus, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, drug-induced, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma |
HIV = human immunodeficiency virus. Common Etiologies of Fever of Unknown Origin Infections - Tuberculosis (especially extrapulmonary)
- Abdominal abscesses
- Pelvic abscesses
- Dental abscesses
- Endocarditis
- Osteomyelitis
- Sinusitis
- Cytomegalovirus
- Epstein-Barr virus
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- Lyme disease
- Prostatitis
- Sinusitis
Malignancies - Chronic leukaemia
- Lymphoma
- Metastatic cancers
- Renal cell carcinoma
- Colon carcinoma
- Hepatoma
- Myelodysplastic syndromes
- Pancreatic carcinoma
- Sarcomas
Autoimmune conditions - Adult Still's disease
- Polymyalgia rheumatica
- Temporal arteritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Rheumatoid fever
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Reiter's syndrome
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Vasculitides
Miscellaneous - Drug-induced fever
- Complications from cirrhosis
- Factitious fever
- Hepatitis (alcoholic, granulomatous, or lupoid)
- Deep venous thrombosis
- Sarcoidosis
References: -
Durack DT, Street AC. Fever of unknown origin--reexamined and redefined. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis. 1991;11:35-51. [Medline] -
Hirschmann JV. Fever of unknown origin in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Mar;24(3):291-300 [Medline]
Created: July 04, 2006
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Last Updated on Saturday, 28 January 2012 14:06 |
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