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Appropriate Indications for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (UGE)

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a standard technique that provides direct visualization of the gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus through the stomach, duodenal bulb, and descending duodenum.
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Revised Criteria for Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (Lynch Syndrome)

Amsterdam Criteria (1991)

Three or more relatives with colorectal cancer, plus all of the following:

  • One affected patient should be a first-degree relative of the other two;

  • Colorectal cancer should involve at least two generations;

  • At least one case of colorectal cancer should have been diagnosed before the age of 50 years.

Continue reading “Revised Criteria for Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (Lynch Syndrome)”

ROME II Diagnostic Criteria for Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

The diagnosis of a Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder always presumes the absence of a structural or biochemical explanation for the symptoms.

G1.Vomiting

G1a. Infant Regurgitation Continue reading “ROME II Diagnostic Criteria for Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders”

ESPGHAN Revised Criteria for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease (CD)

Celiac disease (CD) is a syndrome characterized by damage of the small intestinal mucosa caused by the gliadin fraction of wheat gluten and similar alcohol-soluble proteins (prolamines) of barley and rye in genetically susceptible subjects. Continue reading “ESPGHAN Revised Criteria for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease (CD)”

ROME II Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Disorders of the Biliary Tract and the Pancreas

The diagnosis of a Functional Disorder of the Biliary Tract and Pancreas always presumes the absence of a structural or biochemical explanation for the symptoms.

E1. Gallbladder Dysfunction

Episodes of severe steady pain located in the epigastrium and right upper quadrant, and all of the following:

  1. Symptom episodes last 30 minutes or more, with pain-free intervals;
  2. Symptoms have occurred on one or more occasions in the previous 12 months;
  3. The pain is steady and interrupts daily activities or requires consultation with a physician;
  4. There is no evidence of structural abnormalities to explain the symptoms; and
  5. There is abnormal gallbladder functioning with regard to emptying. Continue reading “ROME II Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Disorders of the Biliary Tract and the Pancreas”

ROME II Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Disorders of the Anus and Rectum

The diagnosis of a Functional Disorder of the Anus and Rectum always presumes the absence of a structural or biochemical explanation for the symptoms.

F1. Functional Fecal Incontinence

Recurrent uncontrolled passage of fecal material for at least one month, in an individual with a developmental age of at least 4 years, associated with:

  1. Fecal impaction; or
  2. Diarrhea; or
  3. Nonstructural anal sphincter dysfunction.

Continue reading “ROME II Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Disorders of the Anus and Rectum”

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