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Risk Factors of Budd-Chiari Syndrome

Primary Budd-Chiari syndrome is characterized by a blocked hepatic venous outflow tract at various levels from small hepatic veins to inferior vena cava, resulting from thrombosis or its fibrous sequellae. This rare disease affects mainly young adults. Multiple risk factors have been identified and are often combined in the same patient. Continue reading “Risk Factors of Budd-Chiari Syndrome”

Risk Factors for Suicide

Risk factors for suicide have been investigated at the population and individual levels; in addition, predisposing factors and precipitating events have been examined, mainly at the individual level. Each of these factors can be mediated through genetic, psychological, and personality characteristics, making most explanatory models complex and difficult to interpret. One approach to understanding suicide has been life-course analysis, which is based on the premise that risk factors come into play at different stages of life and that suicide is the cumulative result of risk factors over a lifetime. Continue reading “Risk Factors for Suicide”

Staging and Risk Stratification of Germ-Cell Tumors

Germ cell tumours of the testis are the commonest malignancy in men aged 20-40 years. Considerable therapeutic improvements in management—based on the cancer’s responsiveness to chemotherapy that contains platinum—mean that over 95% of these patients can now expect to be cured.
Continue reading “Staging and Risk Stratification of Germ-Cell Tumors”

Summary of the ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce ASCVD

The updated American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol (GTBC) has been long-awaited since the latest update of the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines in 2004. The updated GTBC recommends a significant paradigm shift in lipid-loweringdrug therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk reduction, which has led to questions regarding their content and their implementation.
Continue reading “Summary of the ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce ASCVD”

Risk Factors for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN)

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is defined as the impairment of renal function and is measured as either a 25% increase in serum creatinine (SCr) from baseline or 0.5 mg/dL (44 umol/L) increase in absolute value, within 48-72 hours of intravenous contrast administration. Continue reading “Risk Factors for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN)”

TIMI Risk Score for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)

The TIMI risk score, based upon data from 15,000 patients with an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction eligible for fibrinolytic therapy, is a simple arithmetic sum of eight independent predictors of mortality.

Continue reading “TIMI Risk Score for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)”

Criteria for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Screening for a Risk Factor

Characteristics of the disease

1. Disease has serious consequences

2. Screening population has a high incidence* of disease

3. Risk factor is a good predictor of disease

Continue reading “Criteria for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Screening for a Risk Factor”

MASCC Index Score for Identifying Low-Risk Febrile Neutropenic Cancer Patients

Scoring system for risk of complications among febrile neutropenic patients, based on the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) predictive model.

Continue reading “MASCC Index Score for Identifying Low-Risk Febrile Neutropenic Cancer Patients”

Estimate of 10-Year Risk for Coronary Heart Disease for Women (Framingham Point Scores)

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) score sheet for women using TC or LDL-C categories. Uses age, TC, HDL-C, blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking. Estimates risk for CHD over a period of 10 years based on Framingham experience in women 30 to 74 years old at baseline. Average risk estimates are based on typical Framingham subjects, and estimates of idealized risk are based on optimal blood pressure, TC 160 to 199 mg/dL (or LDL 100 to 129 mg/dL), HDL-C of 55 mg/dL in women, no diabetes, and no smoking. Use of the LDL-C categories is appropriate when fasting LDL-C measurements are available. Pts indicates points. Continue reading “Estimate of 10-Year Risk for Coronary Heart Disease for Women (Framingham Point Scores)”

Estimate of 10-Year Risk for Coronary Heart Disease for Men (Framingham Point Scores)

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) score sheet for men using TC or LDL-C categories. Uses age, TC (or LDL-C), HDL-C, blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking. Estimates risk for CHD over a period of 10 years based on Framingham experience in men 30 to 74 years old at baseline. Average risk estimates are based on typical Framingham subjects, and estimates of idealized risk are based on optimal blood pressure, TC 160 to 199 mg/dL (or LDL 100 to 129 mg/dL), HDL-C of 45 mg/dL in men, no diabetes, and no smoking. Use of the LDL-C categories is appropriate when fasting LDL-C measurements are available. Pts indicates points. Continue reading “Estimate of 10-Year Risk for Coronary Heart Disease for Men (Framingham Point Scores)”

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