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Criteria for Neurosurgical or Neuroradiologic Intervention for Mold Infections of the Central Nervous System (CNS)

18 August, 2014 Guillermo Firman

The clinical characteristics of mold infections of the CNS warrant assessment for possible biopsy and neurosurgical intervention. A definitive diagnosis almost invariably requires a biopsy, with prompt inspection of the specimen by means of wet-mount preparation with calcofluor white stain, culture, and histologic analysis (with Gomori methenamine silver stain and periodic acid–Schiff stain). In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis may be helpful if cultures of biopsy specimens are negative.
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Diagnostic Scoring System for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

6 March, 2014 Guillermo Firman

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a clinicopathological diagnosis of a disorder that is defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) as “an acquired syndrome characterized by the intravascular activation of coagulation with loss of localization arising from different causes”. This condition typically originates in the microvasculature and can cause damage of such severity that it leads to organ dysfunction. It can be identified on the basis of a scoring system developed by the ISTH.
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Scoring Systems for the Diagnosis of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients

31 January, 2014 Guillermo Firman

Two scales are in common use, the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC).
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Cierny-Mader Staging System for Long Bone Osteomyelitis

21 March, 2012 Guillermo Firman

Cierny and Mader classified osteomyelitis based on the affected portion of the bone, the physiologic status of the host and the local environment. This classification lends itself to the treatment and prognosis of osteomyelitis; stage 1 (medullary osteomyelitis) can usually be treated with antibiotics alone, while stages 2, 3 and 4 (superficial, localized and diffuse osteomyelitis) usually require aggressive debridement, antimicrobial therapy and subsequent orthopedic reconstruction.
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The Rockall Scoring System

8 July, 2011 Guillermo Firman

The Rockall score is an established and useful system to assess upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). The Rockall system has been shown to represent an accurate and valid predictor of rebleeding and death, performing better in the latter than in the former. Rockall scores are designed to combine information such as the subject’s age, occurrence of shock assessed from systolic blood pressure readings and pulse rate, presence and severity of comorbid conditions, diagnosis and endoscopic stigmata of recent bleeding.
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Histological Scoring System for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

28 February, 2009 Guillermo Firman

Components of NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) and Fibrosis Staging

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Wagner and the University of Texas Wound Classification Systems of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

27 February, 2009 Guillermo Firman

The well-established widely used Wagner wound classification system and the new University of Texas (UT) diabetic wound classification system both provide descriptions of ulcers to varying degrees. Both wound classification systems are easy to use among health care providers, and both can provide a guide to planning treatment strategies. Continue reading “Wagner and the University of Texas Wound Classification Systems of Diabetic Foot Ulcers”

GOLD Staging System for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) Severity

25 February, 2009 Guillermo Firman

The European Respiratory Society (ERS) diagnostic criteria for COPD include the following symptoms: coughing, sputum production and/or dyspnoea, as well as a history of exposure to risk factors for COPD. The diagnosis is confirmed by a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7 in spirometry, as sign of the airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.

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ACR/BI-RADS Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System

23 February, 2009 Guillermo Firman

The BIRADS acronym stands for Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System which is a widely accepted risk assessment and quality assurance tool in mammography, ultrasound or MRI.
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2001 Bethesda System Terminology

23 February, 2009 Guillermo Firman

Specimen Type: Indicate conventional smear (Pap smear) vs. liquid based vs. other

Specimen Adequacy

• Satisfactory for evaluation (describe presence or absence of endocervical/transformation zone component and any other quality indicators, e.g., partially obscuring blood, inflammation, etc.)
• Unsatisfactory for evaluation … (specify reason)
  • Specimen rejected/not processed (specify reason)
  • Specimen processed and examined, but unsatisfactory for evaluation of epithelial abnormality because of (specify reason)
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