{"id":2170,"date":"2018-12-12T23:01:04","date_gmt":"2018-12-12T23:01:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/?p=1418"},"modified":"2026-02-06T19:15:38","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T19:15:38","slug":"markers-testicular","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/markers-testicular\/","title":{"rendered":"Marcadores Bioqu\u00edmicos en C\u00e1ncer Testicular"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"7ca9444b8380138fe077da07353677a4\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- MC 2019- Horizontal -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3806776041\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Los pacientes con c\u00e1ncer testicular se presentan con mayor frecuencia con una masa testicular indolora. La valoraci\u00f3n inicial incluye una historia cl\u00ednica y examen f\u00edsico, im\u00e1genes transversales de la\u00a0retroperitoneo, radiograf\u00eda de t\u00f3rax y niveles s\u00e9ricos de AFP, hCG y LDH.<!--more--><\/p>\r\n<p>Los niveles s\u00e9ricos de AFP, hCG y LDH deben obtenerse antes de la orquiectom\u00eda y repetirse semanalmente hasta que los niveles de los marcadores se normalicen. Los niveles de marcadores tumorales postorquiectom\u00eda se utilizan para la estratificaci\u00f3n del riesgo y se incorporan al Sistema Estadificaci\u00f3n TNM del American Joint Committee on Cancer. Se presume que los hombres con tumores de c\u00e9lulas germinales no seminomatosas (NSGCT, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) con hCG o AFP persistentemente elevadas despu\u00e9s de una orquiectom\u00eda tienen enfermedad metast\u00e1sica incluso sin una masa identificable en las im\u00e1genes.<\/p>\r\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script> <ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display: block; text-align: center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\" data-ad-slot=\"7834404329\"><\/ins> <script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Par\u00e1metros del Estadio\u00a0S de C\u00e1ncer\u00a0Testicular del American Joint Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 120px;\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Esta<\/b><b>dio<\/b><\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>AFP (ug\/I)<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>hCG (IU\/I)<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>LDH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">S0<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">DLN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">DLN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">DLN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">S1<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&lt;1000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&lt;5000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&lt;1,5 \u00d7 normal<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">S2<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1000\u201310.000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">5000\u201350.000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1,5-10 \u00d7 normal<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">S3<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&gt;10.000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&gt;50.000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&gt;10 \u00d7 normal<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/p>\r\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\r\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Abreviaturas: AFP, alfa fetoprote\u00edna; hCG, gonadotropina cori\u00f3nica humana; LDH, lactato deshidrogenasa; DLN, dentro de los l\u00edmites normales.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\r\n<p>El grado de elevaci\u00f3n de AFP o hCG es directamente proporcional a la carga tumoral, y los niveles s\u00e9ricos m\u00e1s altos de estos marcadores tumorales se han reconocido como indicadores de mal pron\u00f3stico. Por lo tanto, el grado de elevaci\u00f3n del marcador en pacientes con NSGCT se ha incorporado con criterios de estadificaci\u00f3n para estratificar a los pacientes en grupos de riesgo bueno, intermedio y bajo seg\u00fan la Clasificaci\u00f3n del Consenso Internacional de C\u00e9lulas Germinales (International Germ Cell Consensus\u00a0Classification).<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Sistema de estadificaci\u00f3n basado en el pron\u00f3stico para el c\u00e1ncer de c\u00e9lulas germinales metast\u00e1sico<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 295px;\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 17.2374%; height: 13px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Grupo<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.8058%; height: 13px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>No seminoma<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 37.9567%; height: 13px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Seminoma<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 83px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 17.2374%; height: 128px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Buen pron\u00f3stico <\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.8058%; height: 128px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Todos los siguientes criterios:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Primario test\u00edculo\/retroperitoneal\u00a0<br \/>\u2022 No hay met\u00e1stasis viscerales ni pulmonares<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 AFP &lt;1.000 ng\/mL<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 hCG &lt;5.000 IU\/L (1.000 ng\/mL)<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 LDH &lt;1.5 x DLN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 37.9567%; height: 128px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Todos los criterios siguientes:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Cualquier sitio primario<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 No hay met\u00e1stasis viscerales ni pulmonares<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 AFP normal<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Cualquier hCG<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Cualquier LDH<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 83px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 17.2374%; height: 10px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Pron\u00f3stico intermedio<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.8058%; height: 10px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Todos los siguientes criterios:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Primario test\u00edculo\/retroperitoneal<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 No hay met\u00e1stasis viscerales ni pulmonares<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 AFP 1.000 &#8211; 10.000 ng\/mL o<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 hCG 5.000 &#8211; 50.000 IU\/L o<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 LDH 1.5 &#8211; 10 x DLN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 37.9567%; height: 10px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Todos los criterios siguientes:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Cualquier sitio primario<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 AFP normal<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Cualquier hCG<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Cualquier LDH<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 144px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 17.2374%; height: 144px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Mal pron\u00f3stico<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.8058%; height: 144px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Cualquiera de los siguientes criterios:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Primario mediast\u00ednico<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 Met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 AFP &gt;10.000 ng\/mL o<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 hCG &gt;50.000 IU\/L (10,000 ng\/mL) o<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2022 LDH &gt;10 x DLN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 37.9567%; height: 144px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">No hay pacientes clasificados como de mal pron\u00f3stico<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script> <ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display: block; text-align: center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\" data-ad-slot=\"7834404329\"><\/ins> <script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Bibliograf\u00eda:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>Adra N, Einhorn LH. Testicular cancer update.\u00a0Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2017 May;15(5):386-396. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28591093\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Adra N, Einhorn LH. Testicular cancer update.\u00a0\r\nClin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2017 May;15(5):386-396. [Medline] (opens in a new tab)\">[Medline]<\/a><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/li>\r\n<li>Milose JC, Filson CP, Weizer AZ, Hafez KS, Montgomery JS. Role of biochemical markers in testicular cancer: diagnosis, staging, and surveillance.\u00a0Open Access J Urol. 2011 Dec 30;4:1-8.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24198649\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Egan J, Salari K. Biomarkers in Testicular Cancer: Classic Tumor Markers and Beyond. Urol Clin North Am. 2023 Feb;50(1):133-143. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36424077\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Creado Dic 11, 2018.<br \/>Actualizado Feb 6, 2026.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los pacientes con c\u00e1ncer testicular se presentan con mayor frecuencia con una masa testicular indolora. La valoraci\u00f3n inicial incluye una historia cl\u00ednica y examen f\u00edsico, im\u00e1genes transversales de la\u00a0retroperitoneo, radiograf\u00eda de t\u00f3rax y niveles s\u00e9ricos de AFP, hCG y LDH.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[272],"tags":[324,327,322,123,326,323,328,325],"class_list":["post-2170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oncology","tag-biochemical","tag-bioquimicos","tag-cancer","tag-diagnosis","tag-marcadores","tag-markers","tag-seminoma","tag-testicular"],"modified_by":"Guillermo Firman","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2170"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10642,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2170\/revisions\/10642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}