{"id":2352,"date":"2015-01-30T14:59:38","date_gmt":"2015-01-30T14:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/urogct\/"},"modified":"2026-04-06T19:38:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T19:38:21","slug":"urogct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/urogct\/","title":{"rendered":"Estadificaci\u00f3n y Estratificaci\u00f3n del Riesgo de Tumores de C\u00e9lulas Germinales"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"7ca9444b8380138fe077da07353677a4\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- MC 2019- Horizontal -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3806776041\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Los tumores de c\u00e9lulas germinales de los test\u00edculos son los tumores malignos m\u00e1s frecuentes en hombres de 20 a 40 a\u00f1os. Las considerables mejoras terap\u00e9uticas basadas \u200b\u200ben la capacidad de respuesta del c\u00e1ncer a la quimioterapia que contiene platino, promedia que m\u00e1s del 95% de estos pacientes puede ahora tener esperanzas de curaci\u00f3n.<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n<strong>Estadificaci\u00f3n y estratificaci\u00f3n del riesgo de tumores de c\u00e9lulas germinales<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Estadio y\u00a0Categor\u00eda de\u00a0Riesgo<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Tumor primario<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Estado de\u00a0Ganglios Linf\u00e1ticos<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Estado de Met\u00e1stasis<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Niveles\u00a0s\u00e9ricos de marcadores\u00a0Tumorales<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IA<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea; sin participaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica vaginalis<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin afectaci\u00f3n ganglionar o invasi\u00f3n linfovascular<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin evidencia<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Normal despu\u00e9s de la orquiectom\u00eda<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IB<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos y t\u00fanica vaginalis, el cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o el escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin afectaci\u00f3n ganglionar;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">invasi\u00f3n linfovascular<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin evidencia<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Normal despu\u00e9s de la orquiectom\u00eda<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">1S<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea, t\u00fanica vaginalis, cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin afectaci\u00f3n ganglionar; con o sin invasi\u00f3n linfovascular<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin evidencia<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Remanentes elevados y aumenta despu\u00e9s de la orquiectom\u00eda<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IIA<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Igual que 1S<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">&lt;5 ganglios linf\u00e1ticos retroperitoneales, cada uno &lt;\/= 2 cm<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin evidencia<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Normal o ligeramente elevada: LDH &lt;1,5 x LSN, B-hCG &lt;5000 mUI\/ml, y la AFP &lt;1000 ng\/ml<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IIB<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea, t\u00fanica vaginalis, cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">&gt;5 ganglios linf\u00e1ticos retroperitoneales o al menos un ganglio linf\u00e1tico &gt;2 cm pero &lt;\/=5 cm<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin evidencia<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Igual que IIA<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IIC<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea, t\u00fanica vaginalis, cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos retroperitoneales &gt;5 cm<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Sin evidencia<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Igual que IIA<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IIIA<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea, t\u00fanica vaginalis, cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos distantes o pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Igual que IIA<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IIIB<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea, t\u00fanica vaginalis, cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos distantes o pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">LDH 1,5-10\u00d7 LSN, B-hCG 5000-50,000 mUI\/ml, AFP 1000-10.000 ng\/ml, o la totalidad de estos valores<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">IIIC<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Compromiso de los test\u00edculos con o sin afectaci\u00f3n de la t\u00fanica albug\u00ednea, t\u00fanica vaginalis, cord\u00f3n esperm\u00e1tico o escroto<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Normal o elevada: LDH &gt;10\u00d7 LSN, B-hCG &gt;50000 mUI\/ml, o AFP &gt;10.000 ng\/ml, o todos estos valores<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\" colspan=\"5\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Seminoma<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Bajo riesgo<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Cualquier lugar primario<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ausencia de met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">AFP normal, cualquier B-hCG, cualquier LDH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Riesgo intermedio<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Cualquier lugar primario<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">AFP normal, cualquier B-hCG, cualquier LDH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\" colspan=\"5\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Tumor de c\u00e9lulas germinales no seminomatosos<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Bajo riesgo<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Test\u00edculo o ganglios linf\u00e1ticos retroperitoneales<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ausencia de met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">AFP &lt;1000 ng\/ml, B-hCG &lt;5000 mUI\/ml, y LDH &lt;1,5\u00d7 LSN<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Riesgo intermedio<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Test\u00edculo o ganglios linf\u00e1ticos retroperitoneales<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ausencia de met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">AFP &gt;\/= 1000 y &lt;\/= 10000 ng\/ml o B-hCG &gt;\/= 5000 y &lt;\/= 50000 mUI o LDH &gt;\/= 1,5\u00d7 LSN y &lt;\/= 10\u00d7 LSN<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.637%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Alto riesgo<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.137%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Test\u00edculo\u00a0o\u00a0ganglios linf\u00e1ticos\u00a0retroperitoneales o del mediastino<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.9999%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Ganglios linf\u00e1ticos positivos o negativos<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.1987%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Cualquier sitio si el sitio primario es ganglios linf\u00e1ticos del mediastino anterior; met\u00e1stasis viscerales no pulmonares si el sitio primario es test\u00edculo o ganglios linf\u00e1ticos retroperitoneales<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.0274%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Cualquiera de los siguientes niveles de forma independiente confiere alto riesgo: AFP &gt;10000 ng\/ml, B-hCG &gt;50000 mUI\/ml, o LDH &gt;10\u00d7 LSN<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>* AFP denota alfa-fetoprote\u00edna, B-hCG \u00a0gonadotropina cori\u00f3nica humana subunidad\u00a0beta, LDH lactato deshidrogenasa, y LSN l\u00edmite superior del rango normal.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bibliograf\u00eda:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Hanna NH, Einhorn LH. Testicular cancer&#8211;discoveries and updates. N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 20;371(21):2005-16.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25409373\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rustin G, Rehman F. State-of-the-art approach in selective curable tumors: germ cell tumors. Ann Oncol. 2008 Sep;19 Suppl 7:vii161-5.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18790940\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Oliveira-Lopes B, Tavares NT, Lobo J. Testicular germ cell tumors and molecular biomarkers. Curr Opin Urol. 2026 Mar 1;36(2):205-211. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41128509\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Creado Mar 04, 2015<br \/>\nActualizado Abr 06, 2026<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los tumores de c\u00e9lulas germinales de los test\u00edculos son los tumores malignos m\u00e1s frecuentes en hombres de 20 a 40 a\u00f1os. Las considerables mejoras terap\u00e9uticas basadas \u200b\u200ben la capacidad de respuesta del c\u00e1ncer a la quimioterapia que contiene platino, promedia que m\u00e1s del 95% de estos pacientes puede ahora tener esperanzas de curaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[298],"tags":[757,756,840,839,838,837,836,767,835,834,745,744],"class_list":["post-2352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-urology","tag-cell","tag-celulas","tag-estadificacion","tag-estratificacion","tag-germ","tag-germinales","tag-riesgo","tag-risk","tag-staging","tag-stratification","tag-tumores","tag-tumors"],"modified_by":"Guillermo Firman","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2352","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2352"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2352\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10733,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2352\/revisions\/10733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2352"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2352"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2352"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}