{"id":2447,"date":"2010-07-20T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-07-20T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/malnutrition\/"},"modified":"2025-05-14T19:08:31","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T19:08:31","slug":"malnutrition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/malnutrition\/","title":{"rendered":"Clasificaci\u00f3n de Desnutrici\u00f3n en Ni\u00f1os"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"7ca9444b8380138fe077da07353677a4\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- MC 2019- Horizontal -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3806776041\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"long_text\">La Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud (OMS) define la desnutrici\u00f3n como el desequilibrio celular entre el suministro de nutrientes y la energ\u00eda y la demanda del cuerpo para que puedan garantizar el crecimiento, mantenimiento y funciones espec\u00edficas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>La desnutrici\u00f3n<span class=\"long_text\">\u00a0general<\/span><span class=\"long_text\">mente implica una pobre nutrici\u00f3n y se refiere a todas las desviaciones de un estado nutricional adecuado y \u00f3ptimo en lactantes, ni\u00f1os y adultos.\u00a0En ni\u00f1os, la desnutrici\u00f3n se manifiesta como insuficiencia ponderal y retraso del crecimiento (talla baja), mientras que los ni\u00f1os severamente desnutridos presentan s\u00edntomas y signos que caracterizan las condiciones conocidas como kwashiorkor, marasmo o kwashiorkor mar\u00e1smico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display: block; text-align: center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\" data-ad-slot=\"7834404329\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><br \/>\n<strong><span class=\"long_text\">Definiciones de Desnutrici\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">\u00a0Clasificaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">Definici\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" align=\"center\"><strong>\u00a0Grados<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gomez<\/td>\n<td>% de PPE<br \/>\ndebajo de la mediana<\/td>\n<td>Leve (grado 1)<br \/>\nModerado (grado 2)<br \/>\nSevero (grado 3)<\/td>\n<td>75%\u201390% PPE<br \/>\n60%\u201374% PPE<br \/>\n&lt;60% PPE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Waterlow<\/td>\n<td>z-scores (SD) de PPT<br \/>\ndebajo de la mediana<\/td>\n<td>Leve<br \/>\nModerado<br \/>\nSevero<\/td>\n<td>80%\u201390% PPT<br \/>\n70%\u201380% PPT<br \/>\n&lt;70% PPT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>OMS<br \/>\n(emaciaci\u00f3n)<\/td>\n<td>z-scores (SD) de PPT<br \/>\ndebajo de la mediana<\/td>\n<td>Moderado<br \/>\nSevero<\/td>\n<td>-3%&lt;\/= z-score &lt; -2<br \/>\nz-score &lt; -3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>OMS (retraso<br \/>\ndel crecimiento)<\/td>\n<td>z-scores (SD) de TPE<br \/>\ndebajo de la mediana<\/td>\n<td>Moderado<br \/>\nSevero<\/td>\n<td>-3%&lt;\/= z-score &lt; -2<br \/>\nz-score &lt; -3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kanawati<\/td>\n<td>PBMS dividido por<br \/>\nper\u00edmetro cef\u00e1lico<br \/>\noccipitofrontal<\/td>\n<td>Leve<br \/>\nModerado<br \/>\nSevero<\/td>\n<td>&lt;0.31<br \/>\n&lt;0.28<br \/>\n&lt;0.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cole<\/td>\n<td>z-scores de IMC<br \/>\npara edad<\/td>\n<td>Grado 1<br \/>\nGrado 2<br \/>\nGrado 3<\/td>\n<td>IMC para edad z-score &lt; -1<br \/>\nIMC para edad z-score &lt; -2<br \/>\nIMC para edad z-score &lt; -3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"long_text\">Abreviaturas: IMC, \u00edndice de masa corporal; TPE, talla para la edad; PBMS, per\u00edmetro braquial medio-superior; SD, desvio est\u00e1ndar; PPE, peso para la edad, PPT, peso para la talla; OMS,\u00a0Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud.\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n<script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display: block; text-align: center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\" data-ad-slot=\"7834404329\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><br \/>\n<span class=\"long_text\"><br \/>\n<\/span><strong><span class=\"long_text\">Clasificaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"long_text\"><strong>\u00a0G\u00f3mez:<\/strong> El peso del ni\u00f1o se compara con la de un ni\u00f1o normal (50 por ciento) de la misma edad. Es \u00fatil para el <\/span>screening<span class=\"long_text\">\u00a0de poblaci\u00f3n y evaluaciones de salud p\u00fablica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"long_text\">Porcentaje del peso de referencia para la edad = [(peso del paciente) \/ (peso del ni\u00f1o normal de la misma edad)] * 100<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"long_text\"><br \/>\n<\/span><strong><span class=\"long_text\">Clasificaci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"long_text\"><strong>Waterlow:<\/strong> La desnutrici\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica produce retraso del crecimiento. La malnutrici\u00f3n afecta las proporciones del cuerpo del ni\u00f1o y eventualmente produce la emaciaci\u00f3n corporal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"long_text\">Porcentaje de peso para la talla = [(peso del paciente) \/ (peso de un ni\u00f1o normal de la misma altura)] * 100<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"long_text\">Porcentaje de talla para la edad = [(talla del paciente) \/ (altura de un ni\u00f1o normal de la misma edad)] * 100<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span class=\"long_text\">Clasificaci\u00f3n de Desnutrici\u00f3n en Ni\u00f1os<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">Desnutrici\u00f3n Leve<\/span><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">\u00a0Desnutrici\u00f3n Moderada<\/span><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">\u00a0Desnutrici\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span>Severa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">Porcentaje del peso corporal ideal<\/span><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a080-90%<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a070-79%<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0&lt; 70%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">Porcentaje del peso corporal usual<\/span><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a090-95%<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a080-89%<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0&lt; 80%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Albumina (g\/dL)<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a02.8-3.4<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a02.1-2.7<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0&lt; 2.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Transferrina (mg\/dL)<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0150 &#8211; 200<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0100 &#8211; 149<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0&lt; 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Recuento de linfocitos totales (por \u00b5L)<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a01200 &#8211; 2000<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0800 &#8211; 1199<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">\u00a0&lt; 800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display: block; text-align: center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\" data-ad-slot=\"7834404329\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><br \/>\n<strong><span class=\"long_text\">Clasificaci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong>Wellcome:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">eval\u00faa al ni\u00f1o por el edema y con el sistema de clasificaci\u00f3n de G\u00f3mez.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">Peso para la edad (G\u00f3mez)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0Con Edema<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0Sin Edema<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a060-80%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0kwashiorkor<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0desnutrici\u00f3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0&lt; 60%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<span class=\"long_text\">kwashiorkor mar\u00e1smico<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0marasmo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"long_text\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bibliograf\u00eda:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Gomez F, Galvan RR, Cravioto J, Frenk S. Malnutrition in infancy and childhood, with special reference to kwashiorkor. Adv Pediatr. 1955;7:131\u2013169. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14349775\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Waterlow JC. Classification and definition of protein-calorie malnutrition. Br Med J. 1972 Sep 2;3(5826):566-9.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/4627051\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Waterlow JC, Buzina R, Keller W, Lane JM, Nichaman MZ, Tanner JM. The presentation and use of height and weight data for comparing the nutritional status of groups of children under the age of 10 years. Bull World Health Organ. 1977;55(4):489\u2013498. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/304391\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Grover Z, Ee LC. Protein energy malnutrition. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2009 Oct;56(5):1055-68. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19931063\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Infants and Children <a href=\"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/severe-malnutrition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[MedicalCriteria.com]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Creado: 28 Jul, 2010<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud (OMS) define la desnutrici\u00f3n como el desequilibrio celular entre el suministro de nutrientes y la energ\u00eda y la demanda del cuerpo para que puedan garantizar el crecimiento, mantenimiento y funciones espec\u00edficas. La desnutrici\u00f3n\u00a0generalmente implica una pobre nutrici\u00f3n y se refiere a todas las desviaciones de un estado nutricional adecuado [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[181,166,167,185,186,183,392,667],"class_list":["post-2447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nutrition","tag-children","tag-clasificacion","tag-classification","tag-desnutricion","tag-malnutrition","tag-ninos","tag-nutrition","tag-pediatrics"],"modified_by":"Guillermo Firman","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2447"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8732,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2447\/revisions\/8732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}