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MODY subtypes: gene mutations, pathophysiology, and clinical characteristics

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is an autosomal dominantly inherited type of diabetes that results from heterozygous mutations in various transcription factors acting in the development and maturation of pancreatic β-cells. In addition, mutations in enzymes involved in glucose sensing of the β-cell have also been shown to result in early-onset diabetes. Characteristic features of MODY are autosomal inheritance, early onset of diabetes (with diagnosis generally before the age of 25 years), no signs related to the autoimmune process or insulin resistance, and preservation of endogenous insulin secretion. Continue reading “MODY subtypes: gene mutations, pathophysiology, and clinical characteristics”

Diagnostic Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa (DSM-V)

Anorexia nervosa is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by starvation and malnutrition, a high prevalence of coexisting psychiatric conditions, marked treatment resistance or no response to treatment, frequent medical complications, and a substantial risk of death. Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa (DSM-V)”

Clinical Manifestations of Thyroiditis Subtypes

Thyroiditis refers to a group of inflammatory diseases affecting the thyroid gland. With the help of historical information, a physical examination and diagnostic tests, physicians can classify the type of thyroiditis and initiate appropriate treatment.
Continue reading “Clinical Manifestations of Thyroiditis Subtypes”

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