The Forrest classification is a widely used classification of ulcer-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It was initially developed to unify the description of ulcer bleeding for better communication amongst endoscopists. However, the Forrest Classification is now used as a tool to identify patients who are at an increased risk for bleeding, rebleeding and mortality.
Ulcer
Helicobacter pylori Infection in Peptic Ulcer Disease
Endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease. Apart from exclusion of malignant disease, detection of H pylori infection with histology or rapid urease tests is essential to the subsequent treatment plan.
Stage Classification of Gastric Ulcer by Sakita-Miwa
The gastric ulcer are staged, by using of the endoscopic staging system of Sakita, into 3 stages (active, healing, scarring) as follows.