{"id":2195,"date":"2018-07-06T21:54:19","date_gmt":"2018-07-06T21:54:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/?p=1107"},"modified":"2026-02-11T19:40:01","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T19:40:01","slug":"preoperative-pain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/preoperative-pain\/","title":{"rendered":"Preoperative Prediction of Severe Postoperative Pain"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"99c380e4b4a7b96c35d7ddf7dcb434e8\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- MC 2019- Horizontal -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3806776041\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Quantitative testing of a patient\u2019s basal pain perception before\u00a0surgery has the potential to be of clinical value if it can accurately\u00a0predict the magnitude of pain and requirement of analgesics\u00a0after surgery.<!--more--><br \/>\nA simple way to detect these patients at the preoperative visit is to fulfill the Kalkman score, a validated risk scale based on patient&#8217;s history and the type of surgery.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Preoperative Prediction of Severe Postoperative Pain<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sex: female, 1 point; male, 0 point<\/li>\n<li>Age: younger than 30 years, 2 points; 31 to 65 years; 1 points; older than 65 years, 0 point<\/li>\n<li>Pain before surgery at the site: none, 0 point; moderate, 2 points; severe, 3 points<\/li>\n<li>Regular use of opioids, 1 point<\/li>\n<li>Regular use of anxiolytic antidepressants, 1 point (otherwise)<\/li>\n<li>Open surgery, 1 point (otherwise)<\/li>\n<li>Type of surgery: thoracic, 3 points; abdominal, 2 points; orthopaedic, 1 point; other, 0 point<\/li>\n<li>Long-lasting procedures (&gt;120 minutes), 1 point (otherwise)<\/li>\n<li>Obesity (BMI&gt;30), 1 point (otherwise)<\/li>\n<li>High levels of anxiety in the preoperative visit, 1 point (otherwise)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The risk-intense postoperative pain is important when the score is 4 out of 15.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kalkman CJ, Visser K, Moen J, Bonsel GJ, Grobbee DE, Moons KG. Preoperative prediction of severe postoperative pain.\u00a0Pain. 2003 Oct;105(3):415-23. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14527702\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Janssen KJ, Kalkman CJ, Grobbee DE, Bonsel GJ, Moons KG, Vergouwe Y. The risk of severe postoperative pain: modification and validation of a clinical prediction rule. Anesth Analg. 2008 Oct;107(4):1330-9.<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18806049\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> [Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Papadomanolakis-Pakis N, Munch PV, Carl\u00e9 N, Uhrbrand CG, Haroutounian S, Nikolajsen L. Prognostic clinical prediction models for acute post-surgical pain in adults: a systematic review. Anaesthesia. 2024 Dec;79(12):1335-1347. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39283262\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Created Jul 6, 2018.<br \/>\nUp-date Feb 11, 2026.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Espa\u00f1ol.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[425],"tags":[433,432,431,430,429,428,427,426,329,434],"class_list":["post-2195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anesthesiology","tag-dolor","tag-pain","tag-postoperative","tag-postoperatorio","tag-prediccion","tag-prediction","tag-preoperative","tag-preoperatoria","tag-severe","tag-severo"],"modified_by":"Guillermo Firman","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2195"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2195\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10661,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2195\/revisions\/10661"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}