{"id":2418,"date":"2011-08-03T12:47:00","date_gmt":"2011-08-03T12:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/utica\/"},"modified":"2025-05-13T20:28:50","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T20:28:50","slug":"utica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/utica\/","title":{"rendered":"Reversible Causes of Cardiac Arrest"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"99c380e4b4a7b96c35d7ddf7dcb434e8\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- MC 2019- Horizontal -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0127150553352455\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3806776041\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an essential link in the chain of survival for treating cardiac arrest.<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n<strong>Reversible Causes of Cardiac Arrest<\/strong><br \/>\nContinually, during CPR consider and correct reversible causes of the cardiac arrest based on the history of the event and any clues that are found during resuscitation.<br \/>\nThese factors are remembered as the <strong>4Hs and 4Ts<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hypoxia<\/strong> is a prime cause of cardiac arrest in childhood and is key to successful resuscitation<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hypovolaemia<\/strong> may be significant in arrests associated with trauma, anaphylaxis and sepsis and requires infusion of crystalloid.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hyperkalaemia<\/strong>, hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia and other metabolic abnormalities may be suggested by the patient\u2019s underlying condition (e.g. renal failure), tests taken during the resuscitation or clues given in the ECG.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hypothermia<\/strong> is associated with drowning incidents and requires particular care: a low reading thermometer must be used to detect it.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tension<\/strong> pneumothorax and cardiac<strong> tamponade<\/strong> are especially associated with pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and found in trauma cases.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Toxic<\/strong> substances either as a result of accidental or deliberate overdose or from a iatrogenic mistake may require specific antidotes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thromboembolic <\/strong>phenomena are much less common in children than in adults.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sayre MR, Berg RA, Cave DM, Page RL, Potts J, White RD; American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee. Hands-only (compression-only) cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a call to action for bystander response to adults who experience out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest: a science advisory for the public from the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee. Circulation. 2008 Apr 22;117(16):2162-7. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18378619\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Field JM, Hazinski MF, Sayre MR, Chameides L, Schexnayder SM, Hemphill R, Samson RA, Kattwinkel J, Berg RA, Bhanji F, Cave DM, Jauch EC, Kudenchuk PJ, Neumar RW, Peberdy MA, Perlman JM, Sinz E, Travers AH, Berg MD, Billi JE, Eigel B, Hickey RW, Kleinman ME, Link MS, Morrison LJ, O&#8217;Connor RE, Shuster M, Callaway CW, Cucchiara B, Ferguson JD, Rea TD, Vanden Hoek TL. Part 1: executive summary: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010 Nov 2;122(18 Suppl 3):S640-56. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20956217\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Travers AH, Rea TD, Bobrow BJ, Edelson DP, Berg RA, Sayre MR, Berg MD, Chameides L, O&#8217;Connor RE, Swor RA. Part 4: CPR overview: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010 Nov 2;122(18 Suppl 3):S676-84. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20956220\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[Medline]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Created Aug 03,2011.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Espa\u00f1ol.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[1182,1179,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187],"class_list":["post-2418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-critical-care","tag-arrest","tag-cardiac","tag-cardiaco","tag-causas","tag-causes","tag-paro","tag-reversible"],"modified_by":"Guillermo Firman","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2418"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9324,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2418\/revisions\/9324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicalcriteria.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}