MedicalCRITERIA.com

Unifying Concepts

Diagnosis and Initial Evaluation of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), by definition, occurs when a woman has her last menstrual period before the age of 40, because of variable, and most often permanent ovarian dysfunction. It presents as hypergonadotropic hypogonadism with peripheral amenorrhea. It has a prevalence of 1-2%, but in women under 20 years its prevalence is one case in every 10,000 women. POI is a devastating diagnosis for women of reproductive age. Many conditions can lead to POI, but it is most commonly idiopathic, and it has a variable clinical presentation. It has serious health consequences, including psychological disorders such as anxiety or depression, infertility, osteoporosis, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and an increased risk of mortality. Continue reading “Diagnosis and Initial Evaluation of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)”

IMWG Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Myeloma and Related Plasma Cell Disorders

Plasma cell neoplasms including multiple myeloma (MM) and related terminally differentiated B-cell neoplasms are characterized by secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin and stepwise development from a preneoplastic clonal B and/or plasma cell proliferation called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Diagnosis of these disorders requires integration of clinical, laboratory, and morphological features. Continue reading “IMWG Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Myeloma and Related Plasma Cell Disorders”

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) and Location of Probable Lesion

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an important cause of stroke in young adults (mean age 33 years with a two-thirds female preponderance) caused by complete or partial occlusion of the cerebral major cerebral venous sinuses (cerebral venous sinus thrombosis) or the smaller feeding cortical veins (cortical vein thrombosis). Continue reading “Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) and Location of Probable Lesion”

Diagnostic Criteria of Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI)

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious and potentially devastating complication that can occur after joint replacement surgery, such as hip or knee replacement. It refers to the presence of an infection in or around the artificial joint (prosthesis) that has been implanted during the surgical procedure.
Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria of Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI)”

Clinical Approach to Vision Loss

Visual loss describes temporary or permanent reduction in visual acuity and/or field. Its aetiology is diverse due to the contributions of the different neuro-ophthalmic structures (eye, optic nerve, and brain) to image formation and perception, but may be categorised into ocular causes (corneal, lenticular, vitreoretinal and macular) or optic neuropathies. Continue reading “Clinical Approach to Vision Loss”

Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for Diagnosing Delirium

The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) is a widely used diagnostic tool for identifying delirium. It was developed by researchers at the Yale University School of Medicine and has become the gold standard for diagnosing delirium in clinical settings. The CAM helps healthcare professionals systematically evaluate and identify the presence of delirium based on four key features. Continue reading “Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for Diagnosing Delirium”

SARC-F Questionnaire for Sarcopenia

The SARC-F questionnaire is a screening tool that can be rapidly implemented by clinicians to identify probable sarcopenic patients. The questionnaire screens patients for self-reported signs suggestive of sarcopenia, which include deficiencies in strength, walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and experiencing falls. Each of the self-reported parameters receives a minimum and maximum score of 0 and 2, respectively, with the greatest maximum SARC-F score being 10. Continue reading “SARC-F Questionnaire for Sarcopenia”

Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS)

The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) is an index used to measure alterations related to frailty. The EFS assesses nine subscales (1) cognition; (2) general health status; (3) functional independence; (4) social support; (5) medication use; (6) nutrition; (7) mood; (8) continence; and (9) functional performance (in 11 items). Continue reading “Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS)”

MODY subtypes: gene mutations, pathophysiology, and clinical characteristics

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is an autosomal dominantly inherited type of diabetes that results from heterozygous mutations in various transcription factors acting in the development and maturation of pancreatic β-cells. In addition, mutations in enzymes involved in glucose sensing of the β-cell have also been shown to result in early-onset diabetes. Characteristic features of MODY are autosomal inheritance, early onset of diabetes (with diagnosis generally before the age of 25 years), no signs related to the autoimmune process or insulin resistance, and preservation of endogenous insulin secretion. Continue reading “MODY subtypes: gene mutations, pathophysiology, and clinical characteristics”

  • Language:

  • Users Online

  • Medical Disclaimer

    El contenido de este sitio web son solo para fines informativos y no reemplazan la consulta con un profesional médico.
  • Recent Posts

  • Categories

  • Copyright by MedicalCriteria.com