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Criteria for Chronic Respiratory Failure in Infants and Children

Criteria for Chronic Respiratory Failure due to Cardiopulmonary Disorders in Infants and Children

Clinical criteria

  • Decreased inspiratory breath sounds
  • Increased retractions, use of accessory muscles
  • Cyanosis breathing room air
  • Decreased level of normal activity/function
  • Poor weight gain (mass) (IMPORTANT)

Physiological criteria

  • PaCO2 > 45 mm Hg
  • PaO2 < 65 mm Hg
  • Oxygen saturation < 95% breathing room air

Criteria for Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency Due to Central Nervous System, Neuromuscular, and Skeletal Conditions in Infants and Children

Clinical criteria

  • Weak cough
  • Retained airway secretions
  • Increased use of accessory muscles
  • Incompetent swallowing
  • Weak or absent gag reflex
  • Decreased level of normal activity/function (IMPORTANT)

Physiological criteria

  • Vital capacity < 15 mL/kg
  • Inspiratory force < 20 cm H20
  • PaCO2 > 40 mm Hg
  • PaO2 < 70 mm Hg
  • Oxygen saturation < 97% breathing room air

 

References:

  1. Nørregaard O. Noninvasive ventilation in children. Eur Respir J. 2002 Nov;20(5):1332-42. [Medline]

 

Created: Oct 20, 2008

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