The Ross Heart Failure Classification was developed to provide a global assessment of heart failure severity in infants, and has subsequently been modified to apply to all pediatric ages. The modified Ross Classification incorporates feeding difficulties, growth problems, and symptoms of exercise intolerance into a numeric score comparable with the NYHA classification for adults.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines malnutrition as the cellular imbalance between the supply of nutrients and energy and the body’s demand for them to ensure growth, maintenance, and specific functions.
Malnutrition generally implies undernutrition and refers to all deviations from adequate and optimal nutritional status in infants, children and in adults. In children, undernutrition manifests as underweight and stunting (short stature), while severely undernourished children present with the symptoms and signs that characterize conditions known as kwashiorkor, marasmus or marasmic-kwashiorkor.
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The International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP) was published in 2 parts, the first in 1984 and later expanded in 1987. It was a consensus statement of an international group of retinopathy of prematurity experts.
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In unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the ultimate goal is the prevention of kernicterus and its potentially devastating effects.
Phototherapy represented an important advance in the treatment of jaundice, enabling the effective and relatively rapid reduction of high bilirubin levels and facilitating the prevention of kernicterus.
Exchange transfusion is the only alternative to phototherapy for controlling hyperbilirubinaemia.
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Criteria for Chronic Respiratory Failure due to Cardiopulmonary Disorders in Infants and Children
Clinical criteria
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A diagnosis of AOM requires:
The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms consistent with the disease and objective evidence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction.
One or more typical phenotypic features of CF:
Chronic sinopulmonary disease
Characteristic gastrointestinal and nutritional abnormalities
Salt loss syndromes
Obstructive azoospermia
or
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Clinical and laboratory “low risk” criteria for children younger than 3 months with fever and no focus of infection
Clinical criteria
Definitive diagnosis
Male or female patient with reduced numbers of CD3+ T cells (less than 500/mm3) and two of the three following characteristics:
Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for DiGeorge Syndrome (DGS)”
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