Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an immunopathologic disease; dengue virus–antibody immune complexes trigger release of vasoactive mediators by macrophages. The mediators increase vascular permeability, causing vascular leakage, hemorrhagic manifestations, hemoconcentration, and serous effusions, which can lead to circulatory collapse (ie, dengue shock syndrome).
Fever
The 2015 Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)
The changes improve the diagnosis of ARF among moderate/high-risk populations and re-establish the Jones criteria as the international gold standard for ARF diagnosis.
Diagnostic Criteria of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
The diagnosis of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is based upon three factors: typical clinical manifestations, a positive response to colchicine therapy, and genetic testing, although currently available tests do not detect all mutations associated with FMF.
Classification of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)
FUO is body temperature ≥ 38.3° C (101° F) rectally that does not result from transient and self-limited illness, rapidly fatal illness, or disorders with clear-cut localizing symptoms or signs or with abnormalities on common tests such as chest x-ray, urinalysis, or blood cultures.
Revised Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)
A firm diagnosis requires that two major or one major and two minor criteria are satisfied, in addition to evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
Unexplained Fever in Young Children
Clinical and laboratory “low risk” criteria for children younger than 3 months with fever and no focus of infection
Clinical criteria
- Born at term (gestational age >/= 37 weeks)with uncomplicated nursery stay
- Previously healthy infants
- Notoxic manifestations
- No focal bacterial infection (except otitis media)