Indications and Contraindications for Abdominal Paracentesis

Removal of abdominal fluid is of value in evaluating patients with ascites of new onset or unknown etiology, and provides symptomatic relief in patients with known disease or in the setting of a decompensating clinical state. Abdominal paracentesis is a simple procedure that may be performed rapidly and with a minimum of equipment.

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Indications and Contraindications for Tilt Table Testing

Indications

  • Recurrent syncope or single syncopal episode accompanied by physical injury or motor vehicle crash or occurring in a high-risk setting (for example, pilot, surgeon, commercial vehicle driver) and no evidence of structural cardiovascular disease; or presence of structural cardiovascular disease, but other causes of syncope ruled out by diagnostic testing

  • Syncope induced by or associated with exercise

  • Further evaluation of patients in whom an apparent specific cause of syncope has been established (for example, asystole, high atrioventricular block) but susceptibility to neurocardiogenic syncope may affect treatment plan

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Indications and Contraindications for Liver Transplantation

Survival rates after liver transplantation have improved steadily because of earlier referral and timely evaluation, judicious patient selection, improved surgical techniques, superior immunosuppressive regimens, and effective prevention of perioperative opportunistic infections. Indications and contraindications for liver transplantation are undergoing constant modifications with the goal of improving survival and functional status of patients who have end-stage liver disease or acute liver failure. Potential candidates for liver transplantation should meet minimal listing criteria and not have contraindications to liver transplantation.

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Appropriate Indications for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (UGE)

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a standard technique that provides direct visualization of the gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus through the stomach, duodenal bulb, and descending duodenum.

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