In current hospital practice chest drains are used in many different clinical settings and doctors in most specialities need to be capable of their safe insertion. Continue reading “Indications and Contraindications for Tube Thoracostomy”
In current hospital practice chest drains are used in many different clinical settings and doctors in most specialities need to be capable of their safe insertion. Continue reading “Indications and Contraindications for Tube Thoracostomy”
Removal of abdominal fluid is of value in evaluating patients with ascites of new onset or unknown etiology, and provides symptomatic relief in patients with known disease or in the setting of a decompensating clinical state. Abdominal paracentesis is a simple procedure that may be performed rapidly and with a minimum of equipment.
Continue reading “Indications and Contraindications for Abdominal Paracentesis”
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a brief but intense attack of inflammation (swelling) in the brain and spinal cord and occasionally the optic nerves that damages the brain’s myelin (the white coating of nerve fibers).
Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)”
Myocarditis may present with a wide range of symptoms, ranging from mild dyspnea or chest pain that resolves without specific therapy to cardiogenic shock and death. Dilated cardiomyopathy with chronic heart failure is the major long-term sequela of myocarditis. Most often, myocarditis results from common viral infections; less commonly, specific forms of myocarditis may result from other pathogens, toxic or hypersensitivity drug reactions, giant-cell myocarditis, or sarcoidosis. Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for Myocarditis”
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is defined as the impairment of renal function and is measured as either a 25% increase in serum creatinine (SCr) from baseline or 0.5 mg/dL (44 umol/L) increase in absolute value, within 48-72 hours of intravenous contrast administration. Continue reading “Risk Factors for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN)”
Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular condition predisposing affected patients to stroke in association with progressive stenosis of the intracranial internal carotid arteries and their proximal branches. Continue reading “Guidelines for Diagnosis of Moyamoya Disease”
The muscle scale grades muscle power on a scale of 0 to 5 in relation to the maximum expected for that muscle.
Continue reading “Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale for Muscle Strength”
Neurofibromatosis 1 and neurofibromatosis 2 are autosomal dominant genetic disorders in which affected individuals develop both benign and malignant tumors at an increased frequency.
Continue reading “NIH Diagnostic Criteria for Neurofibromatosis”
Zollinger-Ellison (ZES) syndrome is characterized by gastric acid hypersecretion resulting in severe acid-related peptic disease and diarrhea. Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES)”
Wilson’s disease is clinically characterised by hepatic and neurological manifestations related to the accumulation of copper in the liver and the lenticular nuclei, and by Kayser-Fleischer rings. Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for Wilson’s disease”
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