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Diagnostic Criteria for IgG4-Related Kidney Disease (IgG4-RKD)

22 January, 2021

IgG4-related disease is characterized by a high level of serum IgG4 and dense infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells into multiple organs, with the kidney being one representative target. Although several sets of diagnostic criteria for autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) are available and renal lesion is recognized as an extrapancreatic manifestation of AIP, it is difficult to differentiate IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) without
AIP from other types of TIN. Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for IgG4-Related Kidney Disease (IgG4-RKD)”

International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP)

21 January, 2021

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a distinct form of pancreatitis characterized clinically by frequent presentation with obstructive jaundice with or without a pancreatic mass, histologically by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and fibrosis and therapeutically by a dramatic response to steroids. Continue reading “International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP)”

Classification Criteria for IgG4-Related Disease

14 January, 2021

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is an immune mediated condition resulting in disease in various organs of the body such as the pancreas, kidneys, salivary glands, lung, liver, lymph nodes, biliary tract and orbits of the eyes. The disease is recognized by a characteristic pattern of pathological, serological or clinical features shared amongst the organs system that are involved. In some cases, IgG4-RD can mimic malignant, infectious or inflammatory disorders and therefore distinguishing the disease is crucial. Continue reading “Classification Criteria for IgG4-Related Disease”

Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

7 January, 2021

Diabetes is a heterogeneous, complex metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose concentrations secondary to either resistance to the action of insulin, insufficient insulin secretion, or both. The most common classifications include Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes and other specific types. Continue reading “Classification of Diabetes Mellitus”

Diagnosis of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)

31 December, 2020

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new concept proposed in 2020. Unlike non-alcoholic fatter liver disease (NAFLD), the diagnosis of MAFLD requires the presence any of the following 3 metabolic risks, including overweight/obesity, presence of diabetes mellitus, and evidence of metabolic dysregulation. Continue reading “Diagnosis of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)”

Guidelines for Intervention in Patients with Chronic Severe Secondary Mitral Regurgitation

23 December, 2020

International practice guidelines for the care of patients with valvular heart disease were most recently updated in 2017, before the publication of the results of the COAPT and MITRA-FR trials in 2018, and these guidelines were conservative in their recommendations regarding surgery for secondary mitral regurgitation. Continue reading “Guidelines for Intervention in Patients with Chronic Severe Secondary Mitral Regurgitation”

Diagnostic Criteria for Myeloid Neoplasms with Myelodysplasia

10 December, 2020

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are myeloid neoplasms characterized by clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, recurrent genetic abnormalities, myelodysplasia, ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral-blood cytopenia, and a high risk of evolution to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for Myeloid Neoplasms with Myelodysplasia”

Classification Criteria for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)

20 November, 2020

No universally recognized classification criteria currently exist for discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which has led to problematic heterogeneity in observational and interventional clinical studies across the field. Continue reading “Classification Criteria for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)”

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