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Indications and Contraindications for Liver Transplantation

28 February, 2009

Survival rates after liver transplantation have improved steadily because of earlier referral and timely evaluation, judicious patient selection, improved surgical techniques, superior immunosuppressive regimens, and effective prevention of perioperative opportunistic infections. Indications and contraindications for liver transplantation are undergoing constant modifications with the goal of improving survival and functional status of patients who have end-stage liver disease or acute liver failure. Potential candidates for liver transplantation should meet minimal listing criteria and not have contraindications to liver transplantation. Continue reading “Indications and Contraindications for Liver Transplantation”

King´s College Hospital Criteria for Liver Transplantation in Fulminant Hepatic Failure

28 February, 2009

In acetaminophen-induced fulminant hepatic failure, survival correlated with arterial blood pH, peak prothrombin time, and serum creatinine–a pH less than 7.30, prothrombin time greater than 100 s, and creatinine greater than 300 mumol/L indicating a poor prognosis. Continue reading “King´s College Hospital Criteria for Liver Transplantation in Fulminant Hepatic Failure”

Child-Pugh Classification of Severity of Liver Disease

28 February, 2009

Modified Child-Pugh classification of severity of liver disease according to the degree of ascites, the plasma concentrations of bilirrubin and albumin, the prothrombin time, and the degree of encephalopathy.

Continue reading “Child-Pugh Classification of Severity of Liver Disease”

Diagnostic Criteria and Associated Features of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

28 February, 2009

Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also called Willis-Ekbom Disease, causes unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them.
Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria and Associated Features of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)”

Definition and Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

28 February, 2009

NKF Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease

  • Kidney damage for three or more months, as defined by structural or functional abnormalities of the kidney, with or without decreased GFR, manifested by pathologic abnormalities or markers of kidney damage, including abnormalities in the composition of the blood or urine or abnormalities in imaging tests

  • GFR < 60 mL per minute per 1.73 m2 for three months or more, with or without kidney damage

Continue reading “Definition and Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)”

Diagnostic Criteria for Kawasaki Disease (KD)

28 February, 2009

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a childhood vasculitis affecting the medium-sized muscular arteries, mainly the coronary arteries. The hallmark of KD is fever lasting 5 days or more, counting the day of fever onset as day 1, in addition to 4 or 5 of the principal clinical criteria: cracking of lips or strawberry tongue, nonpurulent conjunctivitis, rash, erythema and edema of the hands and feet, and large unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Continue reading “Diagnostic Criteria for Kawasaki Disease (KD)”

ICSD Revised Classification of Adult Insomnia

28 February, 2009

Primary Insomnia

  • Idiopathic insomnia: Insomnia arising in infancy or childhood with a persistent, unremitting course
  • Psychophysiologic insomnia: Insomnia due to a maladaptive conditioned response in which the patient  learns to associate the bed environment with heightened arousal rather than sleep; onset often associated with an event causing acute insomnia, with the sleep disturbance persisting despite resolution of the precipitating factor
  • Paradoxical insomnia (sleep-state misperception): Insomnia characterized by a marked mismatch between the patient’s description of sleep duration and objective polysomnographic findings Continue reading “ICSD Revised Classification of Adult Insomnia”

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