Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ADH release (SIADH) is a condition defined by the unsuppressed release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland or nonpituitary sources or its continued action on vasopressin receptors.
Criteria
Case Definition of Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome (Streptococcal TSS) and Necrotizing Fasciitis
I. Streptococcal TSS
A. Isolation of group A Streptococcus
1. From a sterile site
2. From a nonsterile body site
B. Clinical signs of severity
1. Hypotension
2. Clinical and laboratory abnormalities (requires two or more of the following):
a) Renal impairment
b) Coagulopathy
c) Liver abnormalities
d) Acute respiratory distress syndrome
e) Extensive tissue necrosis, i.e., necrotizing fasciitis
f) Erythematous rash
Case Definition of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
An illness with the following clinical manifestations:
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Fever: temperature > 38.9º C (102º F)
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Rash: diffuse macular erythroderma
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Desquamation: 1-2 weeks after onset of illness, particularly palms and soles
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Hypotension: systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg for adults or less than fifth percentile by age for children <16 years of age; orthostatic drop in diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 15 mm Hg from lying to sitting, orthostatic syncope, or orthostatic dizziness
Definitions for the Terms Bacteremia, Sepsis, Severe Sepsis, Septic Shock, and Other Related Disorders
A 1992 American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine consensus panel defined the following terms which are relevant to the discussion of septic shock:
Infection: Infection is a microbial phenomenon characterized by an inflammatory response to the presence of microorganisms or the invasion of normally sterile host tissue by those organisms.
Bacteremia: Bacteremia refers to the presence of viable bacteria in the blood.
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a widespread inflammatory response to a variety of severe clinical insults. This syndrome is clinically recognized by the presence of two or more of the following:
Diagnostic Criteria for Sepsis
Infection,a documented or suspected, and some of the following:b
Criteria for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Screening for a Risk Factor
Characteristics of the disease
1. Disease has serious consequences
2. Screening population has a high incidence* of disease
3. Risk factor is a good predictor of disease
Diagnostic Criteria for Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
The diagnostic criteria for tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) were revised at the Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Conference, July 1998.
Definite TSC: Two major features or one major feature plus two minor features
Probable TSC: One major feature plus one minor feature
Possible TSC: One major feature or two or more minor features
McDonald Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
What Is An Attack?
- Neurological disturbance of kind seen in MS
- Subjective report or objective observation
- 24 hours duration, minimum
- Excludes pseudoattacks, single paroxysmal episodes
Criteria for the Classification of Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
1980 Criteria for the Classification of Systemic Sclerosis
The American College of Rheumatology (former American Rheumatism Association – ARA) has defined criteria, that are 97 % sensitive and 98 % specific for systemic sclerosis (SSc) as follows:
Major criterion:
- Proximal diffuse (truncal) sclerosis (skin tightness, thickening, non-pitting induration)
Diagnosis, Clinical Characteristics, and Treatment of Sarcoidosis
Diagnosis
- Diagnosis of sarcoidosis is firm when chest radiographic evidence is accompanied by compatible clinical features and noncaseating granulomas on biopsy, with all other causes of granulomas ruled out.
- Biopsy is indicated for all patients presumed to have sarcoidosis, except those with Löfgren’s syndrome.