Zollinger-Ellison (ZES) syndrome is characterized by gastric acid hypersecretion resulting in severe acid-related peptic disease and diarrhea.
Syndrome
Revised International Classification Criteria for Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS)
I. Ocular symptoms: a positive response to at least one of the following questions:
-
Have you had daily, persistent, troublesome dry eyes for more than 3 months?
-
Do you have a recurrent sensation of sand or gravel in the eyes?
-
Do you use tear substitutes more than 3 times a day?
Criteria for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ADH release (SIADH) is a condition defined by the unsuppressed release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland or nonpituitary sources or its continued action on vasopressin receptors.
Case Definition of Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome (Streptococcal TSS) and Necrotizing Fasciitis
I. Streptococcal TSS
A. Isolation of group A Streptococcus
1. From a sterile site
2. From a nonsterile body site
B. Clinical signs of severity
1. Hypotension
2. Clinical and laboratory abnormalities (requires two or more of the following):
a) Renal impairment
b) Coagulopathy
c) Liver abnormalities
d) Acute respiratory distress syndrome
e) Extensive tissue necrosis, i.e., necrotizing fasciitis
f) Erythematous rash
Case Definition of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
An illness with the following clinical manifestations:
-
Fever: temperature > 38.9º C (102º F)
-
Rash: diffuse macular erythroderma
-
Desquamation: 1-2 weeks after onset of illness, particularly palms and soles
-
Hypotension: systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg for adults or less than fifth percentile by age for children <16 years of age; orthostatic drop in diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 15 mm Hg from lying to sitting, orthostatic syncope, or orthostatic dizziness
Diagnostic Criteria in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women. This syndrome is predominantly characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, and characteristic findings on pelvic ultrasound. Women with PCOS also frequently suffer from metabolic dysfunction, obesity, infertility and are at an increased risk of pregnancy complications and long-term cardiovascular disease.
Clinical Features of Nephrotic and Nephritic Syndrome
Clinical Features of Nephrotic Syndrome
The nephrotic syndrome is a clinical complex characterized by:
- proteinuria of >3.5 g per 1.73 m2 per 24 h (in practice, >3.0 to 3.5 g per 24 h),
- hypoalbuminemia,
- edema,
- hyperlipidemia,
- lipiduria, and
- hypercoagulability.
Criteria for the Metabolic Syndrome
The metabolic syndrome refers to the co-occurrence of several known cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension. These conditions are interrelated and share underlying mediators, mechanisms and pathways.
Diagnostic Criteria and Associated Features of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also called Willis-Ekbom Disease, causes unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them.
Diagnostic Criteria for Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES)
Diagnostic Criteria for Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) are:
1. Persistent eosinophilia of over 1500/cubic millimeter for longer than 6 month;
2. Lack of evidence of other known causes of secondary hypereosinophilia (SH);
3. Multiple organ involvement.